A brief history
MenACWY vaccination was introduced into England's teenage programme in 2015 in response to rising meningococcal W disease. It covers four groups of meningococcal bacteria: A, C, W and Y. Group B requires a different vaccine.
How does it spread?
Meningococci can live in the nose and throat without causing illness. They spread through close contact with respiratory or throat secretions, including kissing. Crowded living conditions can increase opportunities for transmission.
Symptoms and possible complications
Invasive infection can cause meningitis and bloodstream infection, progressing rapidly. Fever, severe headache, neck stiffness, confusion or a non-fading rash need urgent attention. Do not wait for a rash: suspected meningitis or sepsis is a medical emergency. Survivors can have hearing loss or other lasting disability.
Where it may be relevant
- Travellers to countries or settings with increased meningococcal transmission
- Hajj and Umrah pilgrims who must meet Saudi entry requirements
- People needing routine catch-up or risk-based protection
Dose schedules
The clinician will select the appropriate licensed schedule after reviewing age, health, previous doses and departure date.
Single dose
Most eligible travellers
Some people with continuing risk need later boosters.
Who may be eligible
- Adults and children from the licensed age when travel, certificate or medical indications apply
- Travellers who need a documented certificate after an accepted vaccine
Who may not be eligible
- Anyone with a confirmed severe allergic reaction to a previous dose or a vaccine ingredient
- People who are acutely unwell with a significant fever may need vaccination deferred
- Pregnancy, breastfeeding, immune suppression and current medicines must be reviewed individually
Potential side effects
- Pain, redness or swelling where the injection is given
- Headache, tiredness, muscle aches or a mild fever
- Feeling faint around the time of vaccination
Important risks and precautions
- A severe allergic reaction is very rare and requires urgent treatment
- Protection is not absolute, so relevant food, water, bite or exposure precautions remain important
- The exact product and schedule must be confirmed during a clinical assessment
Clinical references