A brief history
Whooping cough outbreaks were described in the 16th century, and Bordetella pertussis was isolated in 1906. Vaccination greatly reduced childhood disease, but outbreaks still occur. Protection of newborn babies is an important reason for vaccination during pregnancy.
How does it spread?
Pertussis spreads through respiratory droplets during close contact with an infected person. Early symptoms can resemble a cold, so someone may pass it on before the characteristic cough develops. Older children and adults can unknowingly bring infection into a household with a young baby.
Symptoms and possible complications
Repeated coughing fits may end with a whoop, vomiting or exhaustion, and the cough can last for weeks. Young babies may have pauses in breathing without a typical whoop. Complications include pneumonia, seizures and, rarely, brain damage or death. Breathing difficulties or pauses in breathing require emergency care.
Where it may be relevant
- Pregnant people during the recommended gestational window
- Infants and children following the routine programme
- People needing an age-appropriate combined-vaccine catch-up assessment
Dose schedules
The clinician will select the appropriate licensed schedule after reviewing age, health, previous doses and departure date.
Maternal dose
Each pregnancy
Use current NHS programme timing.
Childhood course
Infants and children
Pertussis is included in age-appropriate combined vaccines.
Who may be eligible
- People eligible under the maternal or childhood programme
- Others when an appropriate combined vaccine is clinically indicated
Who may not be eligible
- Anyone with a confirmed severe allergic reaction to a previous dose or a vaccine ingredient
- People who are acutely unwell with a significant fever may need vaccination deferred
- Pregnancy, breastfeeding, immune suppression and current medicines must be reviewed individually
Potential side effects
- Pain, redness or swelling where the injection is given
- Headache, tiredness, muscle aches or a mild fever
- Feeling faint around the time of vaccination
Important risks and precautions
- A severe allergic reaction is very rare and requires urgent treatment
- Protection is not absolute, so relevant food, water, bite or exposure precautions remain important
- The exact product and schedule must be confirmed during a clinical assessment
Clinical references